Carmona was born in Palo Seco, in south Trinidad, eldest of six children of Dennis Stephen Carmona and his wife Barbara. He graduated from Santa Flora Government Primary School and Presentation College, San Fernando. He attended the University of the West Indies and the Hugh Wooding Law School between 1973 and 1983.
After graduating from Hugh Wooding Law School in 1983, Carmona worked as a State Counsel. In 1989, he became a Senior State Attorney. From 1994 to 1999, he was first Assistant then Deputy Director of Public Prosecutions. From 2001 to 2004, he was an Appeals Counsel at the Office of the Prosecutor at the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia in The Hague theInternational Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda in Arusha.
In 2004, he was appointed a High Court Judge at the Supreme Court of Trinidad and Tobago.[3]
On 12 December 2011, he was elected as a judge of the International Criminal Court. He won the office in the first ballot in the Assembly of States Parties with 72 of 104 votes with 70 votes needed and took office on 11 March 2012.
On 4 February 2013, Prime Minister Kamla Persad-Bissessar announced that the ruling party would nominate Carmona to succeed outgoing President George Maxwell Richards.
The following day,Keith Rowley, leader of the Opposition People's National Movement (PNM), indicated that his party supported Carmona's nomination.
However, following this announcement, the PNM questioned Carmona's eligibility to serve as President, given his work outside of the country between 2001 and 2004. (To be eligible to be elected President, a person must be "ordinarily resident" in the country for the ten years prior to election.)
Attorney General Anand Ramlogan responded by saying that the government had consulted with legal experts who expressed the opinion that Carmona met this requirement.
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